…because... especially right now, the aim of analysis. I think that the all the, so many of the arguments against Freud or psychoanalysis are actually against psychoanalytic thinking. And what is psychoanalytic thinking? But it's really trying to get people to…

…You are just a puppet, the big other, the symbolic order, runs the game, and so on. But no, Lacan follows here Freud. Yes, you are overdetermined. But you cannot use this over-determination or psychic necessity which makes you what you are. You cannot use…

…not go into it. But what I want to say is that such things are too strong. You experienced something that Freud would have called... Realitätsverlust, loss of reality. This is the ontological point here. What we experience as reality, ordinary reality here…

…my position is much harsher. I'm sorry if this hurts you. I don't accept, I don't like Erich Fromm. I think his reading of Freud is way too superficial, the way he tries to overcome Freud. his big best seller, something on love or what, no? There I…

…I don't accept, I don't like Erich Fromm. I think his reading of Freud is way too superficial, the way he tries to overcome Freud. his big best seller, something on love or what, no? There I have the real problem. Because I think, and maybe I'm a…

…in detail, this idea of another obscene immortality, or to put it in Freudian terms, now I'm at the philosophical level, what Freud calls death drive. I always found it surprising how there is simply no space in Badiou's edifice for this line of thought,…

…it should just remain a surplus if it is elevated too much into a self-goal. It's a catastrophe. In this sense, already Freud proposed a wonderful concept, I think it's close to Lacan's Pleu de Jouir, surplus enjoyment of Lustgewinn, gain of pleasure. How?…

…subject of science, he, I think, simply means, as you said correctly, this subject which is desubstantialized. You know what's so deep about Freud? It's one story, I think I mentioned it in one of my old books, I'm sure you don't know it, which is a…

…it in one of my old books, I'm sure you don't know it, which is a beautiful story. The best anecdote that happened to Freud. In Slovenia, I don't want to sound as a tourist guide, but we have... One caves in the south, not Postojna caves, there with…

…it's a vision, madness. Then he recognized the man. You know who was? Karl Lueger, the anti-Semitic populist mayor of Vienna. And Freud was totally shocked, and I can see why. He got there staged the deepest lesson of his teaching, which is that if…

…You are now saying what I wanted to say. No, no, what I want to say is that they get it, that you know... Freud, although you know all that bullshit, but Lacan can be misread in the sense that when he says unconscious is the discourse of the…

…tool for capitalist investment. We should criticize ourselves. But you know... You know the famous quote from your greatest compatriot here, Sigmund Freud. He quotes that famous Jewish jokes of two Jews used to lie to each other. So that the way to really…

…was, as they say in Star Wars, the center of the known universe. Name it. Science, music, Schoenberg, all of them. I mean, Freud. You were it. You were it. And you know why? Precisely because you were not at the center of technological inventions and so…

…to be all the time, is that, okay, there is something unpleasant going on, you escape your dream. But then, the big question that Freud asks, a very naive question is, why do you awaken in the dream? His answer is implicit, you sleep. But he uses this…

…Freud's standard thesis about dream as a disguised fulfillment of a repressed infantile wish. Another last quote from Bohm. While Freud might argue that dreams are the disguised fulfillment of a repressed infantile wish, in the context of this discussion of…

…but then, in a step further, you are even deprived of this last assurance, you know. Because, in what sense? Freud makes it clear, and that's the big paradox, properly theological, of psychoanalysis, Yes, we are determined, unconscious, but nonetheless we…

…you paraphrase Lacan, it wasn't me, it was the big other who was acting through me. No, you are... This is why Freud says, I forgot where, somewhere... that the lesson of psychoanalysis is much worse than the lesson of confession. In a Catholic confession…

…theory, like we are not abstract Cartesian cogitos, we are engaged in a life world and so on and so on. But what Freud called unconscious is precisely some more universal abstract symbolic machine which all the time in a way disembodied us. I think what…

…is precisely some more universal abstract symbolic machine which all the time in a way disembodied us. I think what Freud called unconscious is not our deepest bodily instincts. It's something that precisely disturbs the relationship of body and soul,…

…revolutionary working class and a revolution. It didn't happen. And then they like it, sorry, to explain that, look to Freud, through these unconscious manipulations, blah, blah, blah. They use psychoanalysis to mystify, to obfuscate the failure of their own…

…biogenetics, which are all 3D. Primitive, but nonetheless, something is emerging here. We don't know what it will mean, but Freud, in his Spundekampen in der Kultur, already anticipated this development when he spoke about so-called prosthetic God. in an…

…who just provoke a master. They don't know they're wrong. The truly radical guys are perverts, you know. Hysterics just, even Freud once has this total misformulation, where he says, a pervert guy does in reality what hysterics only dream about. But this…

…naively, fundamental operation of negativity. And I claim this will be the thesis, that in a way, without being aware of it, when Freud talks about death drive, that is to say, this post-Hegelian topic of blind repetition, that it is only in this line of…

…But, and here, let me call in this brutal throwing together of two totally disparate thinkers in the field of Kierkegaard and Freud, as opposite as they are, they both, of course, at a totally different level. propose a notion of repetition which is a…

…the previous day. And in the dream she appeared I mean, the dream made her very sad and so on and so on. Freud also uses this dream to exemplify his idea that except anxiety, all affects cheat. Freud provides a wonderful interpretation of this dream,…

…sad and so on and so on. Freud also uses this dream to exemplify his idea that except anxiety, all affects cheat. Freud provides a wonderful interpretation of this dream, and what I want to focus on is this total lateral contingency, accidentality of his…

…interpretation of this dream, and what I want to focus on is this total lateral contingency, accidentality of his reading. Freud totally suspends any hermeneutic immersion into the scene of the dream, like, oh, funeral, somebody's dying, what does death mean…

…media, if you really read it. But it's presented in such a way that you simply, you basically apply what Freud called isolierung energie. as a specific strategy of the unconscious, which is not direct oppression, verdrängung, verstellung, or whatever. You…

…whatever I think that secretly I always suspect now I come close to a certain psychological mechanism again well described by Freud I am more and more convinced that those preachers of soon to come apocalypse are caught in a certain superstitious mechanism…

…certain things should have happened, revolution, why didn't they happen, if your analysis is true. Then they tell you, oh, ask Freud, you know, like, imperialists are using all the libidinal manipulations of propaganda and so on and so on. That's only a…

…who doesn't know. Usually these chickens are children. Did you notice how in today's era, where we proclaim, oh permissivity, Freud is outdated, we are no longer living in Victorian era. Nonetheless, the central insight of Freud, death into children,…

…where we proclaim, oh permissivity, Freud is outdated, we are no longer living in Victorian era. Nonetheless, the central insight of Freud, death into children, sexuality, is again, it disappeared. It's a taboo. That is to say, did you notice how, and…

…of Frederick Jameson's early book on structuralism, man dwells in a torture house of language. The entire psychopathology deployed by Freud from psychotic breakdowns are scars of this permanent torture. So many signs of an original and irreducible gap between…

…Superego is something very interesting, you know. Superego, Freudian, it's not simply an ethical agency, but it's an obscene ethical agency. Freud described it nicely how the paradox of superego, Iberich, is that the more you follow it, the more you are…

…books, but just Goebbels had a good principle, but didn't burn the right books. This book is so totally worthless, this Freud or Marxist idea, you know, sexual freedom, all the differences disappear. No, hedonism is today... In power. I think precisely…

…nonetheless, I think that... Literally, quite literally, democracy is our fetish. Fetish in the sense that, strict Freudian sense, you know, Freud says fetish is the last object you see before you see that. Woman has no penis, whatever. So in what sense…

…you don't say what you mean. It gives you the breathing space, my God. And here I think, with the help of Freud and Lacan, we should correct Marx. I think that the whole topic of... Literally, we need more alienation. Why this hermeneutically imperialist…

…not because he is a naturalist and he thinks that sexuality is the natural base of our being. No, no, for Freud sexuality is the original space where human being, where an animal becomes human being. Human sexuality religious, but why not religious…

…the religion out of which it grew, through its negation. To give you some examples. Isn't it true that when you read Spinoza or Freud, sorry if this sounds anti-Semitic, it's just my bad taste, but you can smell the Jew in it. You know, even if they…

…anti-Semitic, it's just my bad taste, but you can smell the Jew in it. You know, even if they are obviously like Freud atheists, It's so obviously a Jewish atheism, an atheism against the background embedded in the Jewish universe. Let's go on. Take…

…is maybe even the lie as such. If there is a lesson of psychoanalysis, it is that the core of the subject is, as Freud, Lacan put it after him, the subject is the thing, and that's the neighbor. I'm slowly coming to my topic. Neighbor is a thing.…

…do, you cannot escape it. Did you notice how the same goes for free associations in psychoanalysis? On the one hand, and Freud was well aware, free associations are in a way impossible. It's not that you really can suspend all rational reasoning and…

…And through this displacement, you can sustain the myth that we had an authentic language. While the ABC thesis that unites Freud, Hegel, Lacan is precisely that Heidegger is too simplistic when he speaks about language as house designs, as the... the house…

…here. It's like the binary gender difference versus, I don't know, some of these deconstructionist sexologists claim, oh, the great mistake of Freud was to claim there are only two sexes, there are not only two sexes, there are 20, 30, 40 sexes, or…

…the son there... it's not yet played by Sean Penn, the young guy, provides a perfect answer to what it means in authentic Freud, the resolution of Oedipal complex. He said, don't worry, father, we are solidary because I'm as bad as you, I'm even worse…

…say, I think I'm an obsessional neurotic, and you cannot surprise the patients. Like, you know, one of the famous phrases of Freud is the example of verneinung, negation. How? He asked one of his patients, who is that woman in your dream? The patient…

…woman in your dream? The patient said, I don't know who she is, I'm sure of one thing... It's not my mother. And then Freud says, okay, of course, true negation. But a friend of mine told me, practicing analyst in France this time, that he had the…

…that Europe is, for obvious reasons, in a real crisis. I even published a short book in French called this German title from Freud, you know, Was will, what does Europe want? A paraphrase of Freud's... What does a woman want? And what is your verdict?…

…body can tolerate in its midst without putting in danger its own identity. It's quite shocking how he, who was so trusted by Freud, accepted the Nazi problematic He just said, maybe the Nazis are a little bit too radical, maybe we can tolerate 5%, not…

…off, we move on. While a melancholic remains stuck on the lost object. No, I think, as I often developed following Agamben, Freud already and so on, that... No, melancholia is not fidelity to the lost object. Melancholia is on the opposite, to treat as…

…is not fidelity to the lost object. Melancholia is on the opposite, to treat as lost an object which is still here. Freud uses a wonderful expression in his Trauer und Melancholie where he says, Melancholie is a preemptive mourning. You know, melancholy is…

…secret qualifications, which, again, belie its explicit content. In the second case, we have fetish. Almost literally. You know how Freud defines fetish. The last thing, usually, that usually the fetish object is the last thing the subject sees before seeing…

…their interpretation works while in the This is true clinically as well as politically. Clinically in the sense that, as Freud knew very well, it is practically impossible to convert a fetishist. You know, you cannot convince a fetish, it's fetish,…

…away, no transcendence and so on, this negative theological minimum, this out of jointness, and we have different names for it. Freud called this death drive and so on. This minimum remains. That's why I take this film in an naive metaphysical statements…

…and so on, and I usually explode back. I say, no, what interests me in religion? It was really the case with Freud and Catholic Church. It's, forget about God. I like church as a dogmatic institution, you know. Because, again... I'm sorry I don't…

…is that the way Hegel radicalized Kant by getting rid of the thing in itself is also the way that Lacan radicalized Freud. So that the unconscious in Freud is in some sense a real thing, a quasi-biological entity that's there, hidden beneath appearance.…

…Kant by getting rid of the thing in itself is also the way that Lacan radicalized Freud. So that the unconscious in Freud is in some sense a real thing, a quasi-biological entity that's there, hidden beneath appearance. For Lacan, that's not really true.…

…you see the disgusting movie Dangerous Method? Keira Knightley is that... Sabine Spielrein or who? The patient of Jung who turned to Freud. But the movie stops at the crucial moment. You know what happens with her afterwards? She moved to Soviet Union. She…

…of the student generation growing up on postmodern theory. And you're always quoting Lacan, Derrida, and Walter Benjamin, Heidegger, as well as Freud and Marx. When I was in college in the 60s, we never heard the word theory. And that was at Yale in…

…two strange bad fellows, which are part of the same, sorry to use this obscene word, spiritual constellation, Kierkegaard and Freud. I think Deleuze is right in emphasizing that there are two aspects to so-called post-Hegelian or post-idealist break in the…

…against philosophy for Kierkegaard. From Socrates or Plato rather to Hegel, like erinnerung, rememoration. And, of course, in Freud, it's absolutely crucial, the compulsion to repeat, which, as Freud emphasizes, is precisely this blind compulsion. So this…

…rather to Hegel, like erinnerung, rememoration. And, of course, in Freud, it's absolutely crucial, the compulsion to repeat, which, as Freud emphasizes, is precisely this blind compulsion. So this is the first thing. The second thing, unconscious. Now I will…

…For example, one of the wonderful dreams that I really like from Freud's interpretation of dreams is a woman patient who reports to Freud a dream that she was at a funeral, felt very sad, and so on and so on. Then Freud discovers again. What's the…

…woman patient who reports to Freud a dream that she was at a funeral, felt very sad, and so on and so on. Then Freud discovers again. What's the meaning of the dream? It's that at that funeral she encountered her ex-lover and was very glad about it.…

…For example, don't underestimate this logic, it has a certain immanent necessity in it. For example, isn't it true that when Freud analyzed the psyche. He had to rely on a certain set of notion, preconception of causes, effects and so on. Studies…

…Who was that idiot? No, Hartmann, who wrote a big book on unconscious in the middle of 19th century. So again, well before Freud. You have a wide reflection on how, you know, human being, our reason is just a puppet of some unconscious drives and so…

…on. So you can show, although I totally reject it, but it's easy to show in an imminent philosophical way that for Freud to do his job, many things already had to happen. in our basic pre-understanding of what is reality. Certain notion of irrationality,…

…by many readers, namely that all great modern thinkers of freedom, and in the book I discuss Descartes, Kant, Hegel, and Freud, with a short prehistory concerning Luther, but Descartes, Kant, Hegel, and Freud are not only attempting to unfold a specific…

…the book I discuss Descartes, Kant, Hegel, and Freud, with a short prehistory concerning Luther, but Descartes, Kant, Hegel, and Freud are not only attempting to unfold a specific concept of freedom, but they all somehow defend something like divine…

…being at its most elementary, what is animal in us, it's on the contrary the zero level of metaphysics. This is why Freud emphasized sexuality. Not being a naturalist. We are all animals copulating. No. Sexual passion is the zero level of infinity. It's…

…to death. It doesn't matter. You are ready to risk to suspend all empirical short-term interests and so on and so on. Freud Here, I think, again, Hegel is not radical enough again. What Hegel does is that he... proposes this too simple notion of…

…value of Marx and what Lacan calls surplus enjoyment. The key, if we are looking for the roots to surplus enjoyment in Freud, then I think the crucial notion is the one, the phenomenon called by Freud, Lustgewinn, a game of pleasure. This does not…

…looking for the roots to surplus enjoyment in Freud, then I think the crucial notion is the one, the phenomenon called by Freud, Lustgewinn, a game of pleasure. This does not designate a simple acceleration of pleasure, like you can have sex this way, but…

…all serves the satisfaction of the needs of concrete people and so on and so on. So the point is that for capitalism, Freud, I hope you will get the point, because here now things will start to get complicated. It's the same with simple, direct pleasure…

…but there is always a gap where exchange becomes its own goal. It is exactly the same movement as, again, with what Freud calls compulsion to repeat, and the compulsion to repeat is, of course, the basic movement of what Freud calls drive. Lacan, in…

…as, again, with what Freud calls compulsion to repeat, and the compulsion to repeat is, of course, the basic movement of what Freud calls drive. Lacan, in reading closely Freud, distinguishes in the notion of drive between its goal and its aim. The goal…

…But that love is, again, definitely masturbatory in its structure. It is like, you know what, Karl Krauss said, quoted by Freud said, coitus is only an insufficient substitute for masturbation. That's basically the structure which is there. And okay, I don't…

…Mulholland Drive, in two steps. First, it's that test shooting scene, which is, you can understand there why Lacan says that, repeats after Freud, that the real appears as dream within a dream. We are in a movie, but we get... a dimension of her real…

…for Lacan is not subjectivized. Fantasy is asubjective. Fantasy is not what you fantasize about. It's precisely... Paradoxically, what Freud calls fundamental fantasies for Lacan, what you are precisely unable to directly fantasize about. This is the whole…

…are precisely unable to directly fantasize about. This is the whole point of, you know, that wonderful short text by Freud, where the fantasy itself, the core, fundamental fantasy, my father is beating me, is precisely something which Freud emphasized.…

…text by Freud, where the fantasy itself, the core, fundamental fantasy, my father is beating me, is precisely something which Freud emphasized. precisely was never fantasized by the small kid. It's pure presupposition. So in this sense, yes, I agree that…

…same as that of Freud's dream of Irma's injection, which opens interpretation of dreams? This dream begins with a conversation between Freud and his patient Irma about the failure of her treatment due to an infected injection. In the course of the…

…Freud and his patient Irma about the failure of her treatment due to an infected injection. In the course of the conversation, Freud gets closer to her, approaches her face, looks deep into her mouth, confronts the horrible sight of the live red flesh,…

…outcome. Is this abandonment not another name for the abyss of freedom? This abandonment to freedom causes anxiety. As Jacques Lacan reinterpreted Freud, not because the divine is far from us, but because it gets all too close to us, since it is our…

…at least one living being, humans, who puts all its energy to screw things up for itself as much as possible. This is what Freud called death drive and so on. We are not hedonist animals. And especially, I think this is important, I wonder if you would…

…non-assimilation, of, as Lacan puts it, as what remains irreducible, unassimilable to the pleasure principle. The terms used by Freud and Lacan to describe the relationship of this primordial if, ego, and jouissance, enjoyment, perfectly fit the metaphorics of…

…metaphorics of the racist attitude towards foreigners. This is what struck me when I was recently reading these metapsychological writings of Freud. The whole set of terms is the same as those used by this anti-immigrant violence skinheads and so on. The…

…ethical choice. So there is definitely a third position. And by the way, this is, I think, one nice way to say Freud, which is why when Freud says, namely, I'm referring to Freud's infamous statement that, you know, women has a weaker superego. Precisely…

…definitely a third position. And by the way, this is, I think, one nice way to say Freud, which is why when Freud says, namely, I'm referring to Freud's infamous statement that, you know, women has a weaker superego. Precisely because they are more…

…re-emergence of a certain figure of the leader. They always have the leader. And my thesis here is the following one. With Freud, we have, as everybody knows, or should have known, the opposition of two fathers. That means we have two fathers with Freud.…

…relationship, he discovers that the woman is a man. It's a kind of a nice ironic reversal of this founding scene of fetishism for Freud when boy looks at a girl and... There is no penis there. Here, the problem is that there is a penis there, but it…

…apparatus as state socialism, but you also cannot do it outside. If you permit me, a male chauvinist, which, you know, Freud somewhere quotes this male chauvinist wisdom, it's difficult to live with women outside. but it's even more difficult without them.…

…apparatus as state socialism, but you also cannot do it outside. If you permit me, a male chauvinist, which, you know, Freud somewhere quotes this male chauvinist wisdom, it's difficult to live with women... but it's even more difficult without them. Maybe…

…way, a surplus... Okay, I'll put it like this. The origin in psychoanalysis of this notion is the well-known fact that Freud uses sometimes the term lustgewinn, the profit of pleasure, the profit, sorry, of lust is more enjoyment, the profit of enjoyment.…

…so on. But the reason I first like this scene is that it's a wonderful, ironic reversal of the primordial scene according to Freud of fetishism. You know, Freud's simple theory is that the origin of fetishism is this scene when you see a lady naked and…

…Kant with Saab at the beginning when he asks where in the history of ideas does the movement which began which culminates in Freud, where does it begin? He says Kant. And also, I have a problem with this, but Lacan was an anti-philosopher. But listen,…

…proletarian, they're filled with revolution. Then you ask them, but why isn't there a revolution? And they will say, oh, us, Freud, all the answers to the psychological manipulation or whatever. You know what I mean. There is also a total misuse of…

…of the defense against the real, without law and without meaning. Lacan indicates this direction with his notion of the real, as Freud does with his mythological concept of drive. The Lacanian unconscious, that of the late Lacan, is at the level of the…

…here I start shooting. Lacan regresses here to the worst of Jungianism. You know, this is the standard Jungian criticism of Freud, that Freudian unconscious is too close to logic, it's just a surface unconscious, too rational, but there is a deep, really…

…here in, unfortunately, just these two days, I must warn you, is just a beginning, a kind of a forlust to speak with Freud for pleasure or preliminary work for the July seminar, or rather class, whatever, mentioned by Esther, where I will go into this…

…quite fully justified in focusing not on does she really cheat me or not, but why is she, what is the... what Freud called Lustgewinn, the surplus pleasure, or even more simply, aim, strategic aim, like, okay, you are telling me this, it's painful, but…

…They are just what they are. Here we can find... I don't have to develop this... Here is the big difference between Freud and Jung. Jung, with his archetypes and so on, effectively does what Freud is often accused by his stupid critics, namely that…

…this... Here is the big difference between Freud and Jung. Jung, with his archetypes and so on, effectively does what Freud is often accused by his stupid critics, namely that psychoanalysis is really a return to pre-modern dream interpretation, deeper…

…meanings and so on. Jung does this. You know, you have deeper spiritual processes, yin, yang, archetypes, and so on. With Freud, you don't have this. The universe of the Freudian unconscious is a totally contingent universe. What you find are totally…

…me. It's not just some Levinasian impenetrable other. It's self-identity. What am I for others? But perversion for Lacan and to Lady Freud is precisely a pervert has answers. He doesn't have questions. But a pervert is somebody who says, that's why I claim…

…The entire Hegelian or French Revolution, things got stuck at terror. And then you desperately try to... So, again, I think what Freud calls drive is precisely this minimum of... getting stuck, as it were. You know, like, life, and this is a wonderful…

…self-awareness as simply secondary tool, instrument of some other objective processes. His reading is totally wrong, substantialist. Freud asserts the unconscious as some objective trans-subjective domain. We have a master outside ourselves which controls us.…

…and so on. I will not go into it why this is wrong reading. A wrong reading, I claim, both of Marx and of Freud. With regard to Marx... The whole point of Capital, Critique of Political Economy is that the Marxist point is not to establish some…

…mystification, you lose the reality which was mystified in this way. And is it not that something the same was at work in Freud, in the Freudian notion of symptom, at least in the early naive Freud, where he thought that the symptom only persists as a…

…it not that something the same was at work in Freud, in the Freudian notion of symptom, at least in the early naive Freud, where he thought that the symptom only persists as a symptom insofar as its meaning is unknown, as it's mystified. When you fully…

…enlightened it and so on and so on. You know, this is very interesting because it's the same problem as the one Freud was facing. when he discovered that after his early enthusiasm that you can have a perfect interpretation, the patient even pretends at…

…that that's for me, that in this sense, I share totally your suspicion about love as a political category. You know, this Freud or Marxist stupidities, communism will be an era where to be vulgar, working will be like fucking and fucking like working,…

…I claim that democracy in a certain ideological sense often functions in a literal Freudian sense as a fetish. You know, for Freud, fetish is basically the last thing you see before you see the concentration, in the naive sense that a woman doesn't have…

…result of the fall of the Berlin War, which fell when, two, three days ago, no, three, is that it's what? I almost remember Freud who said, whenever in a dream you have many penises, it means castration, that one penis is cut off. Well, okay, one penis…

…suffer, trauma, symptoms, whatever. Psychoanalysis... gives you a deeper understanding of yourself. And once you understand the causes, as Freud put it, at least if there still is suffering, it's just simple, banal suffering, not suffering caused by ignorance…

…be afraid. I mean, I'm radically atheist and so on. But I was always intrigued by the notion of neighbor. And I think Freud was deeply right that The great thing about Judeo-Christian tradition is that neighbor is not what we usually refer to as the…

…of the Freudian unconscious how for example the repression of desire turns into desire for repression and so on and this is what Freud what is the truly new thing I'm repeating now myself I know by Freud it's not that fake and now I will come…

…into desire for repression and so on and this is what Freud what is the truly new thing I'm repeating now myself I know by Freud it's not that fake and now I will come to your point a little more of, ooh, desire impossible, it always eludes us, and…

…a fetishized secondary effect in order to avoid this imminent obstacle which is purely formal we imagine that there is some horrible Freud puts it very nicely. Ah, no, you think I'm bullshitting, but I will give you, which you know probably better than…

…symbolized, blah, blah, from Wolfman. You know, the Wolfman young, he saw his father screwing his mother, a cargo or whatever. Freud says something which is extremely important here, Freud already. It's not that this scene as such was from the very…

…Wolfman young, he saw his father screwing his mother, a cargo or whatever. Freud says something which is extremely important here, Freud already. It's not that this scene as such was from the very beginning traumatic. The young Wolfman, when he saw this,…

…first crucial point, we don't have time to develop it. The role of fantasy, and this is the basic lesson of Freud, more actual than ever today. You know, these so-called immature fantasies. Children suspect there is sex, something mysterious, they don't…

…superego. Superego is something very interesting. Superego, Freudian, it's not simply an ethical agency, but it's an obscene ethical agency. Freud described it nicely how the paradox of superego, Iberich, is that the more you follow it, the more you are…

…there are no longer repressions, you can do anything you want. Yes, but did you notice how the key insight of Freud, which is infantile sexuality, is today completely obliterated. Children return with a vengeance as innocent beings, which is why pedophilia…

…is not that secret content that you are not aware of. Perverts absolutely enact shamelessly the dirtiest fantasies, but as Freud puts it, it's the most difficult case to penetrate the unconscious are the perverts. Precisely because, you know, this is…

…penetrate the unconscious are the perverts. Precisely because, you know, this is also the basic lesson of psychoanalysis. This is why Freud abandoned hypnosis and all that. Because the point is not just to tell you whatever the vulgarity is, you know, to…

…Hans Isaac, he is there, was a great positivist, psychologist, very critical of psychoanalysis. And he discovered something wonderful. Freud claims that our desires, the desires articulated in dreams, are generally of sexual nature and unconscious. And then he…

…sexual nature and unconscious. And then he says, but let's look at a dream which should be considered paradigmatic, typical, because Freud refers to this dream at the very beginning of his interpretation of dreams And Isaac quite correctly notices that the…

…of dreams And Isaac quite correctly notices that the desire articulated, the wish articulated in this dream, the desire of Freud to get rid of his failure in treatment of one of Cartesian's firma, that this desire is absolutely not unconscious.…

…To begin with, because I was checking some quotes this morning for help, I cannot restrain from telling you I found a passage in Freud, which I think in its very simplicity makes it so clear, to cut a long story short, why Freud is not Jung. Like what…

…found a passage in Freud, which I think in its very simplicity makes it so clear, to cut a long story short, why Freud is not Jung. Like what is the Freudian reading? It's early one, from 1897 when Freud was writing letters, exchanging letters with…

…cut a long story short, why Freud is not Jung. Like what is the Freudian reading? It's early one, from 1897 when Freud was writing letters, exchanging letters with Wilhelm Fliess, another doctor colleague. And Freud reports on a guy who is, of course,…

…Freudian reading? It's early one, from 1897 when Freud was writing letters, exchanging letters with Wilhelm Fliess, another doctor colleague. And Freud reports on a guy who is, of course, anonymous, identified. It always reminds me of this type of, you know,…

…made. In 1897, a patient, anonymous, of course, called E, like equality, just referred to M. The dream that this patient reports to Freud is a very simple one. This happened when this guy, patient, this was a child patient of Freud, he had 10 years…

…prison house, but even, says this somewhere, it's a torture house of language. The basic idea is that the process that Freud is describing as, let's say, becoming cultural of a human animal, it's an extremely painful, traumatic process. You don't have…

…blah, blah, but he doesn't really provide a convincing analysis. text on one of the ecris that what is so provocative in Freud is not the irrationality of drives of sexuality but how discursive rational they are. This is what Lacan means with his…

…three times a week or something like that. It's totally crazy. So what I'm saying is that Lacan shows nicely that Freud was able to formulate Oedipus complex precisely because in social reality Oedipus complex was already in crisis. This confirms Hergen's…

…background that we can really understand, and I say this consciously against the predominant fashion according to which, you know, Freud is passé. You know, like, who needs Freud? Today we live in permissive times. Everything is... everything is permitted,…

…I say this consciously against the predominant fashion according to which, you know, Freud is passé. You know, like, who needs Freud? Today we live in permissive times. Everything is... everything is permitted, you can do whatever you want and so on and…

…able, as it were, to be able to perform. What does this mean? Again, what is fantasy? The original side of fantasy for Freud already is that of a small child overhearing or witnessing parental coitus and unable to make sense of it. What does all this…

…this mean? What are my parents doing? And so on. So you fantasize. Now, you know all, for example, you know, all that what Freud called infantile sexual theories, how children are made and so on and so on. Now you will say, okay, this is a phase for…

…You simply discover what it's all about, how you make love, and you no longer need all these fantasies. The basic insight of Freud and of Lacan is that with regard to sexuality, we never reach maturity. No matter how adult we are, we always need…

…And this is what makes him a neighbor, not just a fellow man. You know, this is the key distinction for Lacan already for Freud. The fellow man is the one who is like us. You can identify with him and so on. Fellow man becomes a neighbor precisely…

…others, of course. Sleep with that woman. Object, cause of desire is what makes me desire to do that. And that's, for Freud, the original perversity of desire. is that there is always some pervert access which makes me desire. And I claim perversion gets…

…and hysteria. Hysteria is this perplexity. Why is she doing it? But in a pervert there is no perplexity. The very definition for Freud and Lacan of a pervert is he knows what he wants. This is why incidentally also that the ABC of psychoanalytic clinic,…

…a hysterical subject just plays the game. Provoke the master, but at the same time call for a master. Well, as Freud even, unfortunately, put somewhere. A pervert subject, a pervert does effectively enact what hysterics are only dreaming about. So, again,…

…are revolutionaries. We do it. No. I think we should exactly turn it around. There is a constant in Lacan and Freud already. For example, Freud says something beautiful somewhere. He says that... Nowhere is the unconscious more inaccessible, excluded than in…

…I love the text, I always refer to it, and I think it's where precisely Benjamin can be wonderfully read together with Freud, compulsion to repeat all the time. My problem is, is this model of revolution as retroactive redemption, you know? I love this…

…that Europe is, for obvious reasons, in a real crisis. I even published a short book in French called this German title from Freud, you know, Was will, what does Europe want? A paraphrase of Freud's... What does a woman want? And what is your verdict?…

…as the title. So Hegel's point... is idealization. But what about what we find in thinkers as opposite as Kierkegaard and Freud? Wiederholungszwang or Kierkegaard's repetition, a kind of a pure repetition. And my point is that It's not that Hegel simply…

…ideals. biological life. They are fighting their metaphysical competitor. What worries them in sexuality is that, and this is the thesis of Freud, the thesis of Freud is not we are determined by biology. The thesis of Freud is that sexuality is the very…

…They are fighting their metaphysical competitor. What worries them in sexuality is that, and this is the thesis of Freud, the thesis of Freud is not we are determined by biology. The thesis of Freud is that sexuality is the very domain where, at its most…

…is that, and this is the thesis of Freud, the thesis of Freud is not we are determined by biology. The thesis of Freud is that sexuality is the very domain where, at its most elementary, the passage from natural to human emerges. Again, through drive…

…Freudian, I would like to begin by Freud's Unbehagen in der Kultur, strangely translated as civilization and its discontent, where Freud deploys his vision of the human being as a prosthetic god. a being manufacturing and using technological supplements to…

…using technological supplements to his finite and limited body to approach an ideal of omnipotence or omniscience. As expected from Freud, his point is dialectical. It is not that men cannot approach these ideals. Troubles emerge precisely when humanity does…

…in psychoanalysis, the only things worse to not getting what you want is to get what you want. Here is a quote from Freud. Long ago man formed an ideal conception of omnipotence and omniscience which he embodied in his gods. To these gods he attributed…