…is in a literal sense prejudice. This reminds me of an anecdote of my grandfather, Thomas Henry Huxley, where he said of Herbert Spencer that that philosopher's conception of a tragedy was a deduction foully murdered by a fact. And here again we have this…

…There were pessimists, such as Edward von Hartmann, but the He was much less influential than, for example, Herbert Spencer, who developed the most elaborate theory of evolutionary philosophy, which was essentially optimistic. He did believe in the…

…which we now reject and which we have every reason for believing to be untrue but there is no question that Herbert Spencer did exercise a prodigious influence in the second half of the 19th century and that there was an extremely optimistic view…

…change, a change in a direction which our system of values would regard as excellent. This, which seemed almost self-evident to Herbert Spencer, I mean, he regarded this as a law of equal validity with Newton's law of gravitation, This seems to us…