
November 29, 2012. 115 -minute dharma talk given by Thich Nhat Hanh from Lower Hamlet at Plum Village. The sangha is in the 90-day Rains Retreat (Winter Retreat).
Summary
The talk is a Dharma teaching centered on collective mindfulness, refuge, healing, and the Buddhist understanding of reality. It begins with chanting and contemplative instructions for the Sangha, emphasizing that the community should breathe, chant, and listen as one body, transcending the illusion of a separate self and releasing superiority, inferiority, and equality complexes. The speaker recites refuge verses to the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha in multiple languages, framing refuge as a return to one’s home of beauty, light, understanding, love, and harmony. The practice is presented as both personal and communal, with the aspiration that all beings realize awakened mind and the noble community. A major theme is Mother Earth as a living source of patience, equanimity, healing, and nourishment. The speaker explains that the Earth has immense capacity to renew herself and that human beings can heal by taking refuge in her. Mother Earth is described not as something external, but as something already inside each person. Walking meditation, sitting meditation, standing, and lying down are all presented as opportunities to allow the Earth to breathe, sit, and walk for one. The core instruction is non-striving: one should not force breathing, sitting, or walking, but instead relax, let go, and allow nature to do the work. This is called the practice of non-practice. Healing is said to arise only through relaxation, surrender, and trust in the Earth’s capacity to nourish and restore. The talk then shifts into a detailed doctrinal explanation of the two truths: conventional truth and ultimate truth. The speaker contrasts the historical dimension, where things appear separate and oppositional, with the ultimate dimension, where all things inter-are. Examples such as father and son, left and right, cloud and flower, and above and below are used to show that no phenomenon exists independently. The speaker connects this insight to modern science, especially quantum physics, which challenges classical assumptions of fixed, localized entities. The teaching of dependent origination is presented as a way of moving from conventional understanding toward ultimate reality. The phrase “this is because that is” is highlighted as the essence of interconnection. A substantial portion of the talk critiques common interpretations of the twelve nidanas, or twelve links of dependent origination. The speaker argues that the standard twelve-link model is often used mainly to explain samsara, rebirth, and karmic continuity, rather than to lead practitioners to the ultimate truth. He reviews the conventional sequence—ignorance, formations, consciousness, name-and-form, six sense bases, contact, feeling, craving, grasping, becoming, birth, and aging-and-death—and notes that it is often interpreted as spanning past, present, and future lives. However, he says this reading is incomplete and overly tied to notions of self, rebirth, and transmigration. The speaker proposes a more refined understanding in which samskara means “formations” in the broad sense: all phenomena that depend on conditions. He emphasizes that formations have no separate self-nature and are impermanent, interdependent, and empty of independent existence. From the perspective of delusion, formations are seen as self-existing and permanent, which reinforces suffering and the cycle of samsara. From the perspective of wisdom, however, formations are seen as they truly are: without self, without permanence, and without birth or death in the absolute sense. The speaker uses the example of a cloud transforming into rain, snow, or ice to show that nothing truly dies or is created from nothing. He also references the first law of thermodynamics to support the insight that matter and energy are not born or destroyed in an absolute sense. The talk concludes by linking liberation to freedom from the paired notions of being and non-being, birth and death, inside and outside, and subject and object. Nirvana is described not as a distant destination but as a present reality already available when one sees deeply. The middle way is presented as the path that frees one from extremes and conceptual oppositions. The speaker also introduces the “wisdom of adaptation” or “wisdom of conformity,” meaning the skillful use of conventional language and concepts to guide people toward emptiness and ultimate truth. Overall, the talk combines meditation instruction, devotional chanting, ecological spirituality, and a sophisticated exposition of Buddhist philosophy, all aimed at helping practitioners heal themselves, their communities, and the world through mindfulness, non-striving, and insight into interbeing.
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