
This is a 53-minute dharma talk with Zen Master Thich Nhat Hanh from Hanoi during the “Engaged Buddhism” retreat. This is the first talk on May 5, 2008. We begin with some instruction on sitting and breathing.
Summary
The talk opened with a welcome to the Sangha in Hanoi, Vietnam, for a seven-day retreat titled Engage Buddhism. The speaker framed the retreat as a practical training in living Buddhism through ordinary activities, emphasizing that meditation should not be treated as a burden but as a source of happiness, relaxation, and freshness. The central message was that every moment of practice can be joyful if one knows how to sit, breathe, walk, eat, and live with mindfulness. A major theme was sitting meditation. The speaker contrasted the Buddha’s image of sitting on a lotus flower with the common experience of sitting on a “heap of burning charcoal,” a metaphor for the tension, restlessness, and pressure many people carry in daily life. To sit well, one must first release bodily tension. The speaker guided the audience through the third exercise of the Anapanasati Sutra, in which one breathes in aware of the whole body and breathes out releasing tension. Attention was given to tension in the shoulders, neck, face, and other parts of the body. Smiling was presented as a simple but powerful way to dissolve tension, described as a kind of yoga for the mouth. The speaker stressed that the body and mind should not be discriminated against; either can lead the other, and both can support peace and joy. The talk then expanded into the broader practice of mindful breathing. Breathing in and out was described as a way to reunite body and mind, return to the present moment, and release the past, future, and projects. The speaker repeatedly emphasized that to breathe mindfully is to recognize one’s aliveness, and that being alive is itself a miracle. This awareness can generate joy, concentration, insight, liberation, compassion, and wisdom. The speaker also encouraged practitioners to invite their ancestors, parents, the Buddha, and even Jesus Christ into their breathing practice, presenting breathing as a way to connect with lineage, love, and spiritual presence. Another major section focused on walking meditation. The speaker taught that every step can be a source of life, healing, and freedom when taken with mindfulness and concentration. Walking slowly allows one to touch the wonders of life in the present moment, including the blue sky, vegetation, birdsong, and the smiles and faces of others. The speaker linked this experience to both the kingdom of God and the pure land of the Buddha, presenting them as realities available here and now rather than distant destinations. The retreatants were encouraged to walk as free persons, without being driven by fear, anger, or anxiety. The talk also addressed mindfulness in daily activities such as drinking tea, eating breakfast, brushing teeth, washing dishes, and even using the bathroom. The speaker insisted that no moment is outside the practice. Every action can become a sacred moment if one is fully present. Food was described as a gift of the cosmos, made of sunshine, clouds, rain, earth, and the work of farmers. The speaker encouraged participants to look at food before eating, smile to it, and chew mindfully without chewing one’s worries or plans. The Sangha was also highlighted as a source of support, with each practitioner helping others through their own mindful presence. The retreat structure was explained as one of noble silence, staying within the hotel compound, and using the space as a monastery. The speaker encouraged participants to avoid unnecessary reading and conversation so that they could fully enjoy breathing, walking, and sitting. The sound of the bell was presented as a reminder to return to the breath, and even other sounds, such as an ambulance, could be used as mindfulness bells. The speaker concluded by reminding the group that the past is gone and the future is not yet here; only the present moment is available for true life. This was identified as the essence of engaged Buddhism: practicing Buddhism in every moment of daily life, with the goal of living happily in the present moment, as taught by the Buddha and illustrated in the discourse to Anathapindika. The talk ended with a practical instruction to massage the legs and smile with compassion when hearing the small bell, reinforcing the retreat’s emphasis on embodied, gentle, and continuous practice.
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