…because, you know, people see what they believe or they believe what they see, sorry. And so I got a graduate student, Kevin Byler, and we mapped what these mycorrhizal networks looked like in Douglas fir forests. And we picked, I picked forests that were…

…those principles and applied it to this forest and said, how connected is this forest together? And so my graduate students and I, Kevin Byler, who worked for five years on this making maps of the architecture of the network, came up with a map. This is…

…at and map what these networks look like below ground in natural forests. So, I got a graduate student. His name is Kevin Byler. I worked with Dan Dural, who is another great mycologist. I worked with Randy Molina, Dave Perry, Dave Myrold, all at Oregon…

…it was a dynamic forest where you have young trees growing up under the understory of old trees. And the student, Kevin Byler, spent five years making this map. And this map is represented where the circles are represented by the trees, where these…

…meticulous fieldwork, and advanced genetics. A major paper came out of her lab in 2010, led by a researcher named Kevin Byler. They focused on DNA markers from a specific fungus called Rhizopogon that associates with Douglas fir. Imagine going out into…

…going to map what this network looks like we're going to try and dispel this skepticism that this is all a hoax So Kevin Byler did his PhD and he basically went into six forests of Douglas fir and I was really interested in just Douglas fir because…

…information to explore this below ground network. And so, What we did is we went into these forests. I had a graduate student, Kevin Byler, who spent five years of his life doing this. And he basically mapped out where all the trees were in a small…

…OK, well, we need to do some basic things. We need to make a map of that network. And so I got a grad student with Kevin Byler and we made a map of what the network looks like and basically used the best DNA techniques we had at the time. And we…

…matter for trees? Can they grow better? Can they survive better? And so what I did is I got a graduate student, Kevin Byler, And I worked with another scientist, Dan Dural, and we matched the network with that network looked in a Douglas fir forest.…

…do the networks look like in the soil, in the forest itself? What does the map look like? I had a graduate student named Kevin Byler, And I worked with another prof named Dan Dural who, and together we did this study where we looked at the DNA of all…

…a bunch of trees that we see above ground to a whole network of below ground connections. So my student, Kevin Byler, actually used molecular DNA techniques using microsatellites or short sequences of DNA. to understand which tree differed from which tree.…

…right? And so I thought we're going to map what this network looks like in the forest. So I got a graduate student, Kevin Byler, and we went into this Douglas fir forest with trees of all ages, big old trees and little trees growing up underneath. And…

…how extensive this wood wide web is underneath the ground as we're strolling through the trees. Yeah, so I got a graduate student, Kevin Byler, and I worked with my dear colleague, Dr. Dan Durrell, who I did a lot of work with. And we decided that we…

…figure out what did this did this network look like under this kind of forest? And so I got a graduate student named Kevin Byler. He worked for five years on his PhD looking at these networks below ground. And we looked at one fungal species only, of…

…spitting in there. Sorry. And I went into all kinds of forests, but this is the forest where one of my graduate students, Kevin Byler, spent a long time studying. And we were looking at, in this forest, that has about 100 species of mycorrhizal fungi in…