…century British philosopher Alfred North Whitehead. Whitehead was a physicist and a mathematician. He wrote Principia Mathematica with Bertrand Russell, who was his student at Cambridge. And he was one of the first philosophers to understand quantum physics…

…at the Collège de France. So this was rooted in ancient European platonic philosophy. And the British philosopher Bertrand Russell was very influenced by Bergson in considering another kind of memory, which he called mnemic causation, M-N-E-M-I-C, mnemic,…

…think, are not stored inside the brain. Many philosophers have pointed this out. Henri Bergson, the great French philosopher, Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and other philosophers have pointed out that it doesn't make sense for a variety of reasons to…

…another kind of causation, a causation across time, which can carry memories across time without them being stored in brains. Bertrand Russell, the British philosopher, agreed with Bergson and he proposed that there was a new kind of causation that he called…

…the fact better. So this is an open question. I'm not saying I'm definitely right about this, and so is Bergson, Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and Plotinus. I'm saying that there's a long tradition of thought of looking at memory in a different…

…another kind of causation, a causation across time, which can carry memories across time without them being stored in brains. Bertrand Russell, the British philosopher, agreed with Bergson, and he proposed that there was a new kind of causation that he…

…fact better. So this is an open question. I'm not saying I'm definitely right about this, and so is Bergs and Bertrand Russell and Ludwig Wittgenstein and Plotinus. I'm saying that there's a long tradition of thought of looking at memory in a different…

…for me absolutely seminal step and it led to after reflecting on it the idea of a causal memory causation anemic causation as Bertrand Russell called it over time a kind of form of causation that could work across time And that's what the main theme of…

…who actually understood quantum theory as soon as it happened in the 1920s. He was a mathematician. He worked with Bertrand Russell on a great work called Principia Mathematica. He knew a lot of maths. He produced an alternative relativity theory to…

…because he was the only philosopher who really understood mathematics. He started as a mathematician and with his student Bertrand Russell produced a book Principia Mathematica, a key book in the philosophy of mathematics in the 20th century. When quantum…

…a mathematician as well. He wrote a fundamental book in 20th century mathematics called Principia Mathematica with his student Bertrand Russell when they were both at Trinity College Cambridge. And Alfred North Whitehead, because he was a mathematician, was…