…not impossible amount of flux. It is, in fact, coming out something like this. It comes out 2 times 10 to the minus 7 Gauss centimeters squared. To make it more realistic to you, if we took a very tiny object, a tenth of a millimeter across, the field…

…this formula using the density of ion of 7.9 and so on, and the moment from the regular atomic formula, you'll find 20,000 Gauss should be the saturation MS, really. To get the units right, it's ms over c squared epsilon 0. That's equal to 20,000 Gauss,…

…should be the saturation MS, really. To get the units right, it's ms over c squared epsilon 0. That's equal to 20,000 Gauss, according to this formula. And according to experiments, it's in the neighborhood of 21,500, which is a typical error, a few…

…magnetization of an iron crystal, a single crystal of iron. You'll see here that as the magnetic field increases, this is 100 Gauss across here, so with a very tiny field, it's hard to see on the scale at all, the magnetism increases extremely rapidly.…

…the system of units, so I just say let H equal B minus this. If you look in a book and you find B measured in Gauss, you'll probably know, which is what everybody measures B in in spite of the MKS system, that this really is that one unit, one MKS…

…in in spite of the MKS system, that this really is that one unit, one MKS unit of B is equal to 10 to the fourth Gauss. And therefore, one MKS unit of H is also equal to 10 to the fourth Gauss. However, you'll find a horrible thing when you look…

…unit of B is equal to 10 to the fourth Gauss. And therefore, one MKS unit of H is also equal to 10 to the fourth Gauss. However, you'll find a horrible thing when you look in a book. You'll find H is plotted in a unit called an Oersted. An Oersted…

…horrible thing when you look in a book. You'll find H is plotted in a unit called an Oersted. An Oersted is a Gauss. Some nitwits decided that it was important for different kinds of quantities to have different names, even though the units are the…

…can call it Oersteds if it's H. So you can remember which one they're talking about, but that's all. It's the same unit as a Gauss. But it's not the MKS unit. The MKS unit is 10 to the fourth of these Gauss or Oersteds, all right? So only if you…

…moments without fields that you can arrange in the world, you can show, for instance, at room temperature, for electrons, With 10,000 Gauss, I worked out this ratio, and it comes out to percent. That is, it's much less than one. So therefore, for the…

…frequency of the precession in megacycles comes out to be 1.4 times G, depending on a G value, multiplied by the B in Gauss for electron system. And the Fp in kilocycles, just convenient things to know if you want to estimate what's going to happen, is…

…just convenient things to know if you want to estimate what's going to happen, is 0.76 times the G times the B in Gauss for nuclei. And why should the formula be different for nuclei than for electrons? Because this is a general formula. And the answer…

…find out that EY is the same because you do a line integral, then you make certain Gaussian surface, you know, those little Gauss things that you use for the divergence theorems and all this other stuff, is the usual way of presenting this material. And…

…connected a long wire to see how far they could make it go. And they came all the way across the city. And Mr. Gauss would close a switch on the battery. And Mr. Weber would watch the movement of the galvanometer. And that was the first telegraph. You…

…induced on the surface bound charges, polarization charges. And the field in here differs from the field out here. If you take a Gauss theorem, you see, across here, then the flux through here and the flux through here are not the same. So the field is…

…inside the material, the electric field is lower for the same charges here. How can that be? Because we have this theorem about Gauss that tells us that what we've just discovered is the electric field inside here is lower than it would be if there were…

…theorems that can be proved, and then some effects, particularly in conductors that can be understood very easily from this law of Gauss. The first thing that I'd like to discuss is the question of whether you can balance an electric charge by other…

…is a certain amount per unit area on this surface. Now, how much is sigma related to the electric field? It's easy. We draw another Gauss picture like this. And we can go through the argument. It's the same as we did if we make it small enough in the…

…the fact that the law is inverse square and not some other power. And for that, we have to consider an idea suggested by Gauss. Now, that one I don't want yet. The fact that the field varies inversely is the square of the distance. To some people, it…

…a Weber per square meter. There's an older unit which is still being used in words. You see it everywhere. It's called a Gauss, and 10,000 Gauss is one of the MKS units. To give an idea of how big magnetic fields are, the strongest magnetic fields…

…per square meter. There's an older unit which is still being used in words. You see it everywhere. It's called a Gauss, and 10,000 Gauss is one of the MKS units. To give an idea of how big magnetic fields are, the strongest magnetic fields that you can…

…is, I believe, a fifth of a gauss. Is that right? At the equator, is it a tenth or a hundredth or what? A third of a Gauss. OK. It's in a few tenths of a Gauss at the equator. It gives you an idea of how strong a Gauss is. That's all. I just…

…that right? At the equator, is it a tenth or a hundredth or what? A third of a Gauss. OK. It's in a few tenths of a Gauss at the equator. It gives you an idea of how strong a Gauss is. That's all. I just do that to give you some feel for things.…

…A third of a Gauss. OK. It's in a few tenths of a Gauss at the equator. It gives you an idea of how strong a Gauss is. That's all. I just do that to give you some feel for things. Now, for our synchrotron as an example, not precisely the dimensions…