Carl Sagan
c/carl-sagan
Carl Edward Sagan was an American astronomer, planetary scientist and science communicator.
c/carl-sagan
Carl Edward Sagan was an American astronomer, planetary scientist and science communicator.
…no optical constants of tholins produced with high hydrogen dilutions. Paragraph: in another few years comma: with support from the Galileo project comma we expect to be producing tholins in simulated Jovian Atmospheres with at least 100 colon 1 hydrogen…
…tholins in simulated Jovian Atmospheres with at least 100 colon 1 hydrogen dilutions. The objective is to amass a library of gc MS and Galileo Pt MS Spectra for a range of no data for a range of candidate Jovian Organics we hope that in that time frame…
…near full venus. Thank you very much, miss venus. Thank you very much miss earth. Now that kind of motion is exactly what Galileo found venus to do when he looked at it with the first telescope several hundred years ago. And Galileo found that the…
…motion is exactly what Galileo found venus to do when he looked at it with the first telescope several hundred years ago. And Galileo found that the waxing and waning, the changing from crescent to full back to crescent of venus did exactly what the sun…
…this was a view for the next century century and a half of those who accept the most radical blowhards like Galileo. Galileo, using the first astronomical telescope found some disquieting stuff. He found there were moons going around jupiter big jupiter…
…was a view for the next century century and a half of those who accept the most radical blowhards like Galileo. Galileo, using the first astronomical telescope found some disquieting stuff. He found there were moons going around jupiter big jupiter little…
…which the sun goes around the earth but mercury and venus go around the sun in order to explain the phases. But Galileo Staunchly taught that Copernicus was right for which the church took him to their dungeons and pointed out the instruments of torture,…
…right, you eventually can speed up so that you can get to jupiter, which otherwise you might not do. The mission involved is called Galileo. It's on its way to jupiter and it made two close passes to the earth by close I mean a few hundred kilometers…
…planet and seeing that we can indeed detect life. So in the remainder of this talk I'm going to mainly use the Galileo results. For the very high resolution pictures I won't, because Galileo's Greatest surface resolution was about a kilometer, but for most…
…it's only for mathematicians. The Bible says the earth is at the center. We all believe that. And then as you know, Galileo made a forthright and brilliant defense of Copernicus, based in part on a set of observations from the newly invented astronomical…
…based in part on a set of observations from the newly invented astronomical telescope, and the church got increasingly annoyed. Galileo remained obdurate. I once had the pleasure, at the behest of Franco Pacini, director of the arcetri observatory, who is…
…with us here today, to actually trod in Galileo's Footsteps and hold a close replica of his telescope. In any case, when Galileo became too insistent, the princes of the church showed him the instruments of torture in the dungeons. They weren't making any…
…of torture in the dungeons. They weren't making any particular point just thought he'd like to see them. And shortly thereafter, Galileo made his famous confession in which he abjured the abominable doctrine that the sun and not the earth was at the…
…kilometer, but for most of it I will and I won't always say where the pictures come from but as I say most of them are Galileo. So I asked you to free your mind of all prejudice and imagine that you have no idea what kind of a place the earth is.…
…artist has neglected to draw any draw any of the other the other moons of of 60 60 other moons or so. Here's jupiter where Galileo is going and to do it it did something like this: well it has to go around the sun and finally it gets to jupiter.…
…gets to jupiter. Next slide please. Here is a lovely photo taken just last January of the earth and the moon together by Galileo and here we have a resolution of a few hundred kilometers or something like that. It's a blue and white planet and beyond…
…a blue and white planet and beyond that hard to tell what's happening at least just from looking. Next slide. This is not a Galileo Picture. As I say I'm not gonna announce what is and what isn't here you can see that there is evanescent white stuff…
…to be and the obvious answer for that 30 degrees centigrade is the greenhouse effect but which molecules are responsible? Next slide: here is Galileo Data and the first thing I want to point out this is from 0 7 to 1 microns in the very near infrared.…
…Next slide, please. And oh I underestimated. It's 10 to the 145th, so it's 139 orders of magnitude. Discrepancy in other areas: what Galileo found and what are the standard ground truth values are just the same and this is just another way of saying that…
…Galileo found and what are the standard ground truth values are just the same and this is just another way of saying that Galileo was able to characterize for the molecules it detected, what we have here. Now I want to move to a quite different area.…
…reason why flash photography of projected slides won't work. Let's go to the next slide. Next slide, now please. When we the Galileo imaging system has a wonderful filter wheel in front of it with lots of filters and we can take pictures in any…
…photodissociate water and explain the oxygen as well. So I want now to show you four specially prepared and garishly colored Galileo photographs of the earth in which areas with this steep absorption are colored orange. Next slide, please. So here is South…
…have figured sushi is visible. Look what isn't visible. But sushi is now the other way in which life was detected by Galileo. This by the way is the defense meteorological satellite. This is not Galileo Data. Galileo has a plasma wave spectrometer which…
…way in which life was detected by Galileo. This by the way is the defense meteorological satellite. This is not Galileo Data. Galileo has a plasma wave spectrometer which detects radio emission, designed for the synchrotron emission from the trapped radiation…
…which life was detected by Galileo. This by the way is the defense meteorological satellite. This is not Galileo Data. Galileo has a plasma wave spectrometer which detects radio emission, designed for the synchrotron emission from the trapped radiation belts…
…of what gets seen and what doesn't. In any case, the conclusion is wildly positive. You can, from a spacecraft like Galileo, detect life on earth, many different aspects of it in many different frequency ranges, and therefore the negative conclusions drawn…
…tendency to think we are. Yes, do you think it's the most important aspect of the space program right now? Is it programs like Galileo or that Cassini that go out out to far planets and look at them or is it explorations such as the manned mission to…